Aviation security regulator Bureau of Civil Aviation Security (BCAS) has issued guidelines for drone operating systems, which act like cockpits on the ground to remotely pilot the unmanned aerial vehicle. The BCAS has listed out rules that should be followed for cyber security, storage facility, training and background check of staff for drone operating systems or remotely piloted aircraft systems.
A remotely piloted aircraft (RPA), its associated remote pilot station, its required command and control links, and any other components constitute a remotely piloted aircraft system (RPAS).
“Ensure that CCTV cameras are installed inside RPAS and the storage facility. The capacity to retain recording of minimum 30 days shall be in place for all categories of RPAs except for mini and micro,” said the guidelines of BCAS. An RPA or drone is in nano category if it has weight less than 250 grams. If its weight is between 250 grams and 2 kg, it is in the micro category.
“Ensure access control of RPAS and RPA storage area. As RPAS is similar in purpose and design to a cockpit, it is understood that it must likewise be secured from sabotaged or unlawful malicious interference,” the guidelines said. According to BCAS, the remote pilot station in the RPAS is of “fixed and exposed” nature as opposed to the “restricted nature” of a commercial plane where the intrusion and use of heavier weapons is less likely.
Therefore, further consideration must be given to the “potential vulnerability” of the premises of the remote pilot stations against unlawful interference, it added.
“The aircraft (drones) itself shall be stored and prepared for flight in a manner that will prevent and detect tampering and ensure the integrity of vital components,” it noted.
Safety and security of data and communication links and services are equally important as those for the drones and their remote pilot stations, as per the guidelines issued on July 30.
“Accordingly, it shall be ensured that they (links and services) are free from hacking, spoofing and other forms/interference or malicious hijack,” the guidelines said.
Moreover, the drone operator must ensure that all of its staff are provided one-day aviation security awareness training online as recommended by BCAS, they said. “Background check of remote pilots and support personnel (visual observer, launch crew and recovery crew) shall be carried out following due procedure,” the guidelines added. If there is any security incident or accident, it must be reported to the local police, the BCAS control room and the regional director of BCAS without any “unnecessary delay”, they added.
Each RPA and RPAS operator must establish, implement and maintain a security programme, based on the aforementioned guidelines, and it must be submitted to BCAS before its operation, according to the guidelines. The operator of RPAS must obtain relevant permissions from the local administration and the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) before operating the RPAS, the guidelines said. From June 8, the Civil Aviation Ministry has started the registration process for non-compliant drones which were not registered with the DGCA and have not been granted the drone acknowledgement numbers (DANs).
It gave a similar one-time opportunity for voluntary disclosure of such drones between January 14 and January 31. A total of 19,553 non-compliant drones were registered during that period. On June 5, the ministry had issued draft rules for manufacturing and use of drones in the country wherein it has proposed that an authorised drone manufacturer or importer can sell its devices only to an individual or entity approved by the DGCA.
